The Impact of USD and EUR on the Global Forex Market
The foreign exchange (Forex) market is the largest financial market in the world, with a daily average turnover of over $7.5 trillion, according to the Bank for International Settlements (BIS, 2022). This tremendous volume exceeds the combined activity in the global stock and bond markets and underscores how critical currency trading is to the modern financial system. Two currencies stand at the center of this gigantic universe: the U.S. dollar (USD) and euro (EUR). Together, they dominate trading activitythey appear in over 80% of all Forex transactions across the globe. For both professional traders and casual consumers, their impact is inescapable. A strong or weak dollar can shift oil prices, change the cost of traveling abroad, or change tuition fees for international students. Fluctuations in value of the euro influence the Eurozone and beyond, impacting global trade, corporate profit, and household spending. The Global Dominance of USD The U.S. dollar (USD) is not jus...